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The pricing of greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide (CO2) is seen in economics as the guiding instrument for climate protection efforts. In addition to the price for emission certificates on the EU Emissions Trading System, in Germany there has been a national CO2 price on fossil fuels since the beginning of 2021, with the aim of reducing emissions in the transport and heating sectors. The sharp rise in prices for emission allowances has made a significant contribution to Germany being able to meet its climate protection target for 2020. Our research investigates the distributional effects of national CO2 pricing for private households, among other topics.