RWI Konjunkturberichte

The German economy markedly slowed down in spring. While the contraction in the second quarter was partly a result of unusual mild weather conditions in the first quarter of 2014, also underlying dynamics have lost momentum. The external sector in particular dampened the economic upturn. We expect an only subdued output expansion in the short run since incoming orders did not grow in the second quarter and sentiment indicators have declined. Nevertheless, the output contraction in the second quarter does not indicate the beginning of a recession. Economic indicators were unexpectedly positive in July. Furthermore, employment is steadily increasing, unemployment remains at a low level and the number of vacancies is rising. In addition, fiscal policy measures slightly stimulate the economy and monetary policy is likely to remain expansionary. As a result, the economic upswing will continue and accelerate during the next year. Domestic demand is likely to be the driving force of this upturn. Favorable conditions on the labor market will considerably raise wages and lead to an expansion of private consumption. Further, social benefits will increase in 2015. The upsurge in disposable income and favorable financing conditions will promote investment in housing construction. Corporate investment will significantly grow in the light of expanding capacity utilization and low interest rates. The external sector is not likely to contribute to the economic upswing. Imports will benefit from the substantial rise in domestic demand and hence expand more strongly than exports. We expect the German GDP to increase by 1.5 percent in 2014 and by 1.8 percent in 2015. Despite economic growth and rising employment the decline in unemployment is likely to be small. The unemployment rate will be 6.6 percent in 2015. The implementation of statutory minimum wages is likely to negatively affect the upturn on the labor market. Additionally, the increase in employment will continue to originate mainly from the hidden reserve and immigration. Price increases will be low in the short run, but they RWI calculations based on data provided by the German Statistical Office, Deutsche Bundesbank, and the Federal Labor Office. - 1In real terms. - 2Domestic. - 3National definition. - 4in % of civilian labor force. - 5Compensation per employee divided by real GDP per employed person. - 6National Accounts definition. - 7Balance of payment definition. - fForecast. will accelerate due to enhanced capacity utilization. We expect an inflation rate of 1.0 percent for this year and 1.6 percent for next year. Despite fiscal policy being slightly expansive, the public budget is likely to improve since the economic upswing and bracket creep will considerably raise tax revenues. The public budget surplus will amount to € 12 bn (0.4 percent of GDP) in 2014 and to € 13 bn (0.5 percent of GDP) in 2015.

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