Untersuchung ökonomischer Instrumente zur Verringerung des Verpackungsverbrauches sowie zur Stärkung des Kunststoffrecyclings und des Rezyklateinsatzes
Abschlussbericht Ressortforschungsplan des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit Forschungskennzahl 3721 34 307 0 FB001665
The research project has various objectives. One of these is to develop a national instrument based on the EU own resource on non-recycled plastic packaging waste. In addition, instruments are to be found that contribute to packaging avoidance across all material classes and others that specifically promote plastic recycling in all applications. The focus here is on the positive ecological steering effects to be achieved. To this end, possible economic instruments are first identified and presented and subsequently subjected to an initial orientating legality check. Instruments that cannot be implemented in accordance with existing constitutional and European legislation or whose legality is associated with a high degree of legal uncertainty are excluded from further analysis. The following instruments were therefore excluded: Excise duty on plastic granulate, extension of the energy tax to include raw materials for plastics, value added tax reduction for using recyclates or recyclable products, special levy on disposable packaging, special levy on plastics / plastic products and a special levy to pay the EU's plastics own resource. Various of the original instruments are then examined in greater depth and analysed economically: Excise duty on packaging, compensatory levy on non-recycled packaging waste, special levy to promote the recyclability of packaging and the use of recyclates, reusable quotas with equalization levy, recyclate use rates for plastic product groups with equalization levy, plastic excise duty and public promotion of the recycling of plastics.
Umweltbundesamt